/**
* Author: Sergey Kopeliovich (Burunduk30@gmail.com)
*/
// Egor Suvorov: sometimes u need g++ -static to fix some random troubles
#define VERSION "0.1.9"
#include <cassert>
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
/** Fast allocation */
#ifdef FAST_ALLOCATOR_MEMORY
int allocator_pos = 0;
char allocator_memory[(int)FAST_ALLOCATOR_MEMORY];
void * operator new (size_t n) {
// fprintf(stderr, "n=%ld\n", n);
char *res = allocator_memory + allocator_pos;
assert(n <= (size_t)((int)FAST_ALLOCATOR_MEMORY - allocator_pos));
allocator_pos += n;
return (void *)res;
}
void operator delete (void *) noexcept { }
void operator delete (void *, size_t) noexcept { }
//inline void * operator new [] (size_t) { assert(0); }
//inline void operator delete [] (void *) { assert(0); }
#endif
/** Fast input-output */
template <class T = int> inline T readInt();
inline double readDouble();
inline int readUInt();
inline int readChar(); // first non-blank character
inline void readWord(char *s);
inline bool readLine(char *s); // do not save '\n'
inline bool isEof();
inline int getChar();
inline int peekChar();
inline bool seekEof();
inline void skipBlanks();
template <class T> inline void writeInt(T x, char end = 0, int len = -1);
inline void writeChar(int x);
inline void writeWord(const char *s);
inline void writeDouble(double x, int len = 0); // works correct only for |x| < 2^{63}
inline void flush();
static struct buffer_flusher_t {
~buffer_flusher_t() {
flush();
}
} buffer_flusher;
/** Read */
static const int buf_size = 4096;
static unsigned char buf[buf_size];
static int buf_len = 0, buf_pos = 0;
inline bool isEof() {
if (buf_pos == buf_len) {
buf_pos = 0, buf_len = fread(buf, 1, buf_size, stdin);
if (buf_pos == buf_len)
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
inline int getChar() {
return isEof() ? -1 : buf[buf_pos++];
}
inline int peekChar() {
return isEof() ? -1 : buf[buf_pos];
}
inline bool seekEof() {
int c;
while ((c = peekChar()) != -1 && c <= 32)
buf_pos++;
return c == -1;
}
inline void skipBlanks() {
while (!isEof() && buf[buf_pos] <= 32U)
buf_pos++;
}
inline int readChar() {
int c = getChar();
while (c != -1 && c <= 32)
c = getChar();
return c;
}
inline int readUInt() {
int c = readChar(), x = 0;
while ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
x = x * 10 + (c - '0'), c = getChar();
return x;
}
template<class T>
inline T readInt() {
int minus = 0, c = readChar();
T x = 0;
if (c == '-')
minus = 1, c = getChar();
else if (c == '+')
c = getChar();
for (; '0' <= c && c <= '9'; c = getChar())
if (minus)
x = x * 10 - (c - '0'); // take care about -2^{31}
else
x = x * 10 + (c - '0');
return x;
}
inline double readDouble() {
int s = 1, c = readChar();
double x = 0;
if (c == '-')
s = -1, c = getChar();
while ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
x = x * 10 + (c - '0'), c = getChar();
if (c == '.') {
c = getChar();
double coef = 1;
while ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
x += (c - '0') * (coef *= 1e-1), c = getChar();
}
return s == 1 ? x : -x;
}
inline void readWord(char *s) {
int c = readChar();
while (c > 32)
*s++ = c, c = getChar();
*s = 0;
}
inline bool readLine(char *s) {
int c = getChar();
while (c != '\n' && c != -1)
*s++ = c, c = getChar();
*s = 0;
return c != -1;
}
/** Write */
static int write_buf_pos = 0;
static char write_buf[buf_size];
inline void writeChar(int x) {
if (write_buf_pos == buf_size)
fwrite(write_buf, 1, buf_size, stdout), write_buf_pos = 0;
write_buf[write_buf_pos++] = x;
}
inline void flush() {
if (write_buf_pos) {
fwrite(write_buf, 1, write_buf_pos, stdout), write_buf_pos = 0;
fflush(stdout);
}
}
template<class T>
inline void writeInt(T x, char end, int output_len) {
if (x < 0)
writeChar('-');
char s[24];
int n = 0;
while (x || !n)
s[n++] = '0' + abs((int)(x % 10)), x /= 10; // `abs`: take care about -2^{31}
while (n < output_len)
s[n++] = '0';
while (n--)
writeChar(s[n]);
if (end)
writeChar(end);
}
inline void writeWord(const char *s) {
while (*s)
writeChar(*s++);
}
inline void writeDouble(double x, int output_len) {
if (x < 0)
writeChar('-'), x = -x;
assert(x <= (1LLU << 63) - 1);
long long t = (long long)x;
writeInt(t), x -= t;
writeChar('.');
for (int i = output_len - 1; i > 0; i--) {
x *= 10;
t = std::min(9, (int)x);
writeChar('0' + t), x -= t;
}
x *= 10;
t = std::min(9, (int)(x + 0.5));
writeChar('0' + t);
}